Commedia DelArte - Character Analysis Essay Example for Free

Commedia DelArte Character Analysis Essay PANTALONE: Pantalone is of top pecking order. He is wealthy and controls the finance in the character world of commedia, therefore his orders are usually obeyed by all. He is the father of Isabella. He wears dark colours of black, grey and red; dynamic Pantaloons, tight-fitting long red trousers or red breeches and stockings, a short tight-fitting jacket, a loose long black cloak with plain sleeves, red-woollen skull-cap and yellow turkish slippers. He is lean and scrawny and often short in stature. He wears a mask with a long, hooked nose with bushy eyebrows, sometimes also a moustache. Pointed beard just forward as if to meet the nose coming down, thus giving a very dynamic profile. His signature props are a gold chain hung around his neck with a large medallion as well as a dagger and a money pouch. He also carried a ubiquitous handkerchief and used a walking cane. His back bends giving him a hunched old mans stoop, which protected his purse and effectively restricted the motion of his legs. His feet are together, toes apart, knees well bent and facing apart creating a focus on his crutch. His legs are also much more muscled with the possibility of sustaining extreme forward positions of the torso or making large strides. Bullying, aggressively and mean-minded, Pantalone, a pauper who had squandered his dignity along with his cash. Hes always on the prowl and he could be termed a Beelzebub of sex. Any woman who happens to cross his path becomes at once an object of winks, leers and nudges he parades up and down in a series of showily self-important struts, trips, trots and sudden halts. His walk is small and slow and he can only walk at one pace; whatever his feet do his legs cannot go any faster, whatever the motive or stimulus. Hes  old in body, but his head, feet and hands are still active. The hands (which he cant keep to himself) flutter continuously, gesticulating each thought as it comes into his head. The only way he can stop this is to hold them behind his back, underneath his cloak. His voice is similar to a high pitched squawk that continuously breaks. Its cold and prudish and demanding. Pantalone gives voice to the darker side of the male consciousness, a secret hero to the unenlightened males in the audience. He is mean to his servants, narrow-mindedly proscriptive to his children, fawning to Il Dottore, scheming with Il Capitano, lecherous with Colombina and indulgent to himself. He is too self-interested to be aware of spectators, therefore takes no notice of them. Pantalone operates on the assumption that everything can be bought and sold, and this turns out to be true, with the exception of loyalty (and love). But he also loves money for its own sake and will therefore only part with it when there is no other option. He always wants to marry his daughter to a wealthy man and avoid giving her a dowry. When things do not go his way he quickly slips into emotional extremes, particularly enraged petty tyranny. He has a long memory and never forgets or forgives the slightest past transgression. Pantalone is action, not words. IL CAPITANO: IlCapitano is a loner. He is never indigenous to the town where the scenario is set and is able to pretend to high status as a result. His downfall to the level of actual social standing is an essential part of the denouement. Being a Capitan he wore a feathered helmet or hat, huge boots and exaggerated garters. His clothes were sometimes diagonally striped or slashed, but whatever the style, close scrutiny reveals the truth: Magnificent in words, but his purse is always empty and under his beautifully richly damascened cuirass he wears but a frayed and tattered leather jerkin. Il Capitano himself, however, always claims that his  tattered undergarments are caused by the amazing virility of his body hair bursting through whenever he gets angry. Il Capitano appears large, whether physically or egotistically, he is a large presence on stage. He trys to attract attention from women and intimidate men. He wears a mask with a great menacing nose and  fierce, bristling moustaches, which seemed like veritable iron spikes defending the entrance to a citadel only too ready to capitulate. The mask, in its general aspect, was intended to emphasize the contrast between a brave appearance and a craven nature. His signature prop is a long sword that he never actually uses for fighting. His feet are planted apart in order to occupy maximum space, his chest is pushed forward and his back is always straight and tall standing with his hips wide. His walk is a long stride where the heels of his boots come down first, then the foot rolls onto the ball, then he steps again off the ball of his foot giving him rise and bounce in his step so his head can be among the clouds. However, his actual steps are small (he is in no hurry to get to war, but wants to do so with maximum effect). When he hears a frightening noise he drops everything, but only succeeds in running on the spot, head thrown back, arms in the air, kicking his feet forward and howling piteously. When he hears a wolf (or small dog) he shrinks little by little until he has made himself unnoticeable as possible, then scurries away in a crouch. When fleeing from a mouse he adopts a kind of leaping promenade walk in order to prevent it running up his legs. When scared witless he occasionally runs to be seen, to show off his legs. He often stands at attention or with his hand on his sword, nose in the air and his chest puffed out. When hes not pretending to be brave he is cowering with fear. His movements are slow, deliberate and mechanical with his gestures being extravagant and sustained. His speech is loud and proud turning to a squeak when frightened. He was originally employed by Pantalone to do his dirty work for him. They worked  well together as lechers with financial aspirations: IlCapitano to get rich, Pantalone to remain so. Pantalone would often congratulate Il Capitano on his efforts, and then betray him to others. He is almost used as a prop by all the other characters. The whole world is an audience. He stops whenever he sees the actual audience and makes a salutation so that he can be admired. Initially his magnificence may take in the other characters, but never the audience: something in his very first entrance (a trip for example) should give him away. IL DOTTORE: Il Dottore is the head of another family and is often the father of a lover, usually Lelio. He is the equivalent of Pantalone who thinks he has brains. He wears a black academic dress satirising Bolognese scholars, a long jacket with black coat over-reaching to his heels, black shoes, stockings and breeches, and black skull-cap. His appearance is grand: his huge size comes directly from Carnival and contrasts with Pantalone. His mask covers the nose and forehead and sometimes the cheeks, which are red as he is apparently fond of the bottle. His signature props include a book and a white handkerchief. He would stand with his weight back on his heels, belly forward and his hands gesturing in front. He walks peripatetically in figures of eight, using tiny, mincing steps. His walking posture descends while he thinks (out loud, of course) and rises up again on the solution of the problem. When posing, he leans forward with a hand on his face, usually tapping his forehead or stroking his beard in a pensive manner. When posing behind another performer, he sometimes does something malicious such as preparing to knock them out with a mallet. His movements are relatively static in front of the audience. He needs all  the space to himself and gains it by gesturing out from the body as if sowing a seed. He parps like a trombone when speaking and pronounces S as Sh. He is a neighbour and friend or rival of Pantalone (either way, the two are inseparable), and since he is a natural parasite, sees the advantage of being patronized by him. To acknowledge or talk to the audience he needs a context in order to make a direct address the giving of a lecture for example. He gives the other characters a break from physical exertion by his prolixity sometimes to the point where he has to be carried off by them, still talking. For this reason he stays a relatively long time onstage. A survivor, not a target figure like Pantalone. He is essentially belly, not intellect and is extremely vocal. IlDottore is inclined, like Pantalone, to be stingy, but in his case it is because he doesnt have any money. The doctor is an eternal gasbag; he cannot open his mouth without spitting out a Latin phrase or quotation. He believes someone suffers from an ailment, which they obviously do not, and offers to cure them. He spontaneously diagnoses performers on stage, tries to enlist assistance to help him perform experimental surgeries on himself and others, as well as performs random experiments in the name of science and medicine.

Agent Orange :: Vietnam War Essays

Agent Orange In 1961, the United States began spraying herbicides in its military campaign to defoliate the jungles of southern Vietnam. Mimicking Smokey Bear, American pilots chuckled "Remember! Only you can prevent forests," as they dropped weed killers over target sites. But as research progressed, the true nature of the chemicals which they were spraying came to light. It is certainly no longer a laughing matter when it is realized that Agent Orange, a major herbicide used, could be as deadly to humans as it is to plants. The military research of herbicides dates back to World War II (1). Ineffectiveness prevented them from being used in the war. By the late 1950’s, however, herbicides developed could defoliate a large variety of plants. Naturally, they were thought to be a great weapon in combating jungle warfare. Applied to the Vietnam War, herbicides were used to defoliate the jungle and to destroy crops. Defoliation stripped the jungle of vegetation. Left barren, it no longer provided camouflage for the Viet Cong, their supply routes and base camps which would be more prone to aerial attacks. Crop destruction denied the communists of local food sources. This forced them to divert more resources to provide and transport foods other regions. But just as important, crop destruction also weakened enemy morale and forced villagers to move to cities where they could be more easily controlled. The program for spraying herbicides over Vietnam was code named Operation Trail Dust. It began in 1961 and peaked from 1967 to 1969 (2). Various methods were employed to systematically spray these chemicals. On ground, they were used by soldiers to clear the perimeters of their base camps. Riverboats were used to spray the riverbanks. Most damage to the jungle was done by air. The Air Force Operation Ranch Hand, as it was called, used C-123 cargo aircrafts and helicopters to drop the majority of the herbicides used. There were many types of herbicides used by the United States in Vietnam. Each was named after the color of the 4-inch band painted around the 55-gallon drums in which it was contained: Agent White, Purple, Blue, Green, Pink and Orange. In all, 19.4 million gallons of herbicides were used, 60% of which were Agent Orange (2). The effects of the sprayings on the jungle were immediately recognizable. Estimates show that six million acres or twenty percent of the entire land area of the Republic of South Viet Nam was covered with chemical poisons (3).

Concept Of Promoting Healthy Ageing Health And Social Care Essay

Ageing is non an event that can happen over a period of clip but a procedure which begins at construct and continues throughout the life ( Crandell 1980 ) . Harmonizing to Cheng ( 2006 ) & A ; Baltes ( 1990 ) , ageing is more than the series of biological alterations. Ripening can be defined by gender, category, societal standing, and civilization instead than twelvemonth alone.Ageing is an inevitable and irreversible procedure ( Brown 1994 ) . Shukla and Brooks ( 1996 ) province the constituent of successful ripening. Harmonizing to them successful ageing depends in the capacity of the person to accommodate, version to alterations in the bodily map, to relationships and to alterations in outlook and resources. The paradigm definition of healthy ageing harmonizing to Lin ( 2006 ) , as healthy independency, household, fiscal security, life adaptation, personal growing and friends/relative relationship. Harmonizing to single perceptual experience, ageing is regarded as something unplea sant, utile, and unneeded and above all, unwanted ( Mesec,2000 & A ; ; Zupancic,2004 ) Rountree ( 2010 ) describes the ageing procedure. Rountree ( 2010 ) in his article told that as the age increases, the organic structure bit by bit loses the ability to react to environment abuses. This lead to effects on a cellular and molecular degree, such as dislocation of cell organs, membranes and enzymes in the organic structure. In the scientific term, this biological procedure of ripening is called Senescence. Senescence leads to loss of organ revere ; diminishing the ability to react to emphasize ; loss of flexibleness ; decelerating of cognitive procedures ; degenerative joint disease ; diminishing centripetal sharp-sightedness ; loss of tolerance to trouble or temperature alterations ; impaired alimentary soaking up ; worsening immune responses and other alterations. These Physiologic alterations in bend, consequence in an increased hazard for common disease, such as coronary artery disease, diabetes, dementedness, malignant neoplastic disease, degenerative arthritis ( OA ) , autoimmunity and others. Rountree ( 2010 ) describes the assorted internal and external factors that leads to Aging. In molecular degree, everybody tonss of tissue, mundane tonss of tissue harm takes topographic point. This all consequences in the release of free groups. Further will damage DNA and the delicate membranes in our cells and cell organs particularly chondriosomes. The Elaborate system of enzymes will assist us to neutralize free groups and mend the harm to our cells and tissues. As age increases the system of enzymes become inactive and familial look of these enzymes diminutions. This all consequences in relentless weariness, decreased staying power, stiffness and achings and strivings that occur after reasonably everyday exercising. External factors include things like fume, firing organic stuffs, ultrasound ( UV ) radiation and other signifiers of ionising radiation. Even medical look into up or testing trials such as X raies, bone scans and computed axial imaging ( CAT ) scans generate free g roups that will ensue in harm of tissue, which leads to long term effects ( Rountee,2010 ) . Rountee ( 2010 ) besides states that presences of sugar/glucotoxity is besides one of the factors that causes ageing. Every clip we eat tonss of sugar, the chondriosome leaks alots of free groups that damage tissue. Besides, high degree of fruit sugar are converted in the liver to triglycerides. These triglycerides normally pack the liver with fat and hence interfere with insulin sensitiveness. So, glucotoxicity and lipotoxicity will take to increased redness in the organic structure. When we are immature, the inflammatory procedure heals rapidly. The relentless low- class redness induced by bad diets and unhealthy life style actively contributes to the wear and tear of the system over clip ( rountree,2010 ) . It means toxic chemicals and metals are the root cause of accelerated ripening. Westendorp ( 2006 ) states some of the reasons/ factors that lead to additions in chronic lessening. They are increasing life anticipation along with better sanitation, interventions for infective d isease, and improved entree to medical attention, understanding of wellness hazards and modified hazard factors. Research based lifestyle recommendations to keep physical and cognitive verve include womb-to-tomb acquisition and rational stimulation, regular exercising, ongoing societal activities, emphasis reduction patterns, sound slumber with graphic dreaming ; emotional fluidness and look ; regular sexual activity, optimum nutrition with appropriate Calories intake. Kaw & A ; Colleagues ( ) stated that the mortality hazard for people who are non tobacco users, who exercise on a regular basis, have a moderate intoxicant consumption and who have a plasma Vitamin C & gt ; 50 mmol/L ( bespeaking fruit and vegetable consumption of at least five helpings a twenty-four hours ) was the equivalent of being 14 old ages younger in chronological age, compared with people who engaged in none of these behaviors. So that means by following simple four things like exercising, make non smoke, devour low to chair sum of intoxicant, eating an copiousness of fruits and veggies in their repasts will assist to be tter their opportunities of life thirster and healthier In the scenario, Dorris wellness was all right before the decease of her hubby. She has enjoyed comparatively good wellness over the old ages and have no important episodes of sick wellness. Used to make house keep plants. But after the decease of her hubby she lost involvement, finds hard to get by with mundane life. Dorris wellness was deterioting as she was non eating decently, non keeping hygiene, non making any activity. She has besides become physically frail and was sing mild confusion and freak out. Dorris should be explained the significance of self-care. Traditionally, self-care is defined as activities associated with wellness publicity ( Backman, Hentinen 1999 ; Backman, 2003 ) . She should be encouraged to take part in activities of day-to-day life, such as exercising, nutrition and relaxation, in order to advance or reconstruct their wellness. Stanner and Denny ( 2009 ) has summarised the cardinal findings in relation to some common diseases in ulterior life and provides an overview of dietetic steps that can be put into advancing healthy ripening. Kirkwood ( 2006 ) associated the biological alterations with ageing as a consequence of a long life accretion of molecular harm in the cells and variety meats that constitute the human organic structure, finally interrupting the cells ability to do the energy they need to work. Kirkwood ( 2006 ) besides province that cistrons and perchance foods supply can act upon fix to this harm and diet, lifestyle and environment all have the possible to determine the rate at which harm to cells is accumulated. Harmonizing to National Statistics ( 2004 ) , the morbidity informations from the UK general study indicated that, in 2004, prevalence rates of bosom and go arounding system status were 340 per 1000 population for grownups aged 75 old ages and over compared with 280 per 1000 population. The prevalence rate of long standing musculoskeletal conditions were 296 per 1000 population for grownup aged 75 old ages and over, compared with 274 per 1000 population for grownups aged 65-74 old ages ( Office for National Statistics 2004 ) .National Health Service ( NHS ) ( 2007 ) estimated that about 6 in 100 people over the age of 65 will develop some grade of dementedness and this figure increases to about 20 in 100 among those over the age of 85 old ages. Coronary Vascular Disease ( CVD ) and shot are the major cause of decease in aged work forces and adult females ( Stanner and Denny 2009 ) . That means ripening is clearly an of import hazard factor. The younger age group have the similar hazard factor as the older grownups because of fleshiness, dyslipidaemia, Hypertension, smoke, low degree of physical activities and diabetes ( Stanner 2009 ) .World Health Organisation ( 2003 ) clearly mentioned that the diet for the people who have an increased hazard of developing CVD and other chronic disease. That includes diet that is energy-dense, high in fat and salt and low in complex saccharides, fruits and veggies. Stanner ( 2005 ) advised some important nutrient material that will assist in protection against CVD. They are integrating non-hydrogenated unsaturated fatty acids as prevailing signifier of fat, whole grains as the chief signifier of saccharide, an copiousness of fruits and veggies, equal Z 3 fatty acids and non excessively mu ch salt. Besides with diet physical activity, reasonable imbibing wonts, turning away of smoke and care of healthy organic structure weight may forestall bulk instances of CVD in western population. Cognitive diminution is besides the most common disease that occurs in the ulterior portion of life. It means mental damage and dementedness ( Stanner 2009 ) . It occurs as the consequence of chronic degenerative encephalon disease. It has a great impact on a individual liberty and independency. That ‘s why there is a great demand of forestalling or proroguing cognitive damage ( WHO, 2002 ) . By following many facets of life styles including the increased physical activity rational mental stimulation, turning away of smoke and assorted facets of life have been associated with healthy ripening ( Clarke, 2009 ) . The hazard of cognitive diminution and shot include high consumption of Na ( salt ) , fat, energy and intoxicant. Stanner and Denny ( 2009 ) province that under nutrition and nutritionary lacks in older grownups besides are a beginning of concern in relation to cognitive diminution. The Hazard of Dementia and Alzheimer ‘s disease increases as the addition in the de gree of sulfur incorporating aminic acids additions. To forestall the hazard of Alzheimer ‘s disease the Mediterranean diet, which contains plentifulness of fruits and veggies, leguminous plants, unsaturated fatty acids and fish, can be helpful ( Scarmeas, Stern & A ; Tang, 2006 ) . Osteoporosis and arthritis are besides one of the jobs that ageing people has to endure. Stanner and Denny ( 2009 ) mentioned the consciousness sing the bone wellness and bar in osteoporosis. As current figures estimate that one in three adult females and one in 12 work forces over the age of 55 old ages will endure from osteoporosis. In order to forestall osteoporotic break, equal consumptions of Ca and vitamin D are cardinal to guarantee optimisation of peak mass attainment ( Loveridge & A ; Lanham – New, 2009 ) . Lack of vitamin D position is besides one of the causes of falls ( Finch & A ; Doyle, 1998 ) . A diet that contains equal protein and vitamin K is rich in fruits and veggies and low in salt may besides assist to detain bone ageing. Avoiding fleshiness will assist in order to forestall degenerative arthritis and weight loss will move as an effectual manner of cut downing hurting and disablement in patients with knee degenerative arthritis ( Dieppe, 2009 ) . Oral wellness is besides one of the of import points to be kept in head to advance healthy ageing. In the UK 58 % of grownups aged 75 old ages and over have no natural dentitions and rely on dental plates ( Steele, Sheiham & A ; Marcenes, 1998 ) . The older people holding tends to eat un healthy diet holding low in fruit and veggies, low in of import foods such as vitamin C and potentially higher in fat ( Walls, 2009 ) . There are so many factors that will in tooth loss. One of the most common grounds is nutrition on dentitions that result in development of dental cavities and therefore consequence in tooth loss ( Moynehan & A ; Petersen, 2004 ) . The frequence of sugar consumption ( in the signifier of sugar incorporating medical specialty ) is one of the common grounds of holding dental cavities. That ‘s why dentist normally recommended restricting consumption of sugar incorporating nutrients and drinks to four occasions per twenty-four hours ( Moynehan & A ; Petersen, 2004 ) . Besides some minerals such as Ca, Zn, Mg, Sr and fluoride are involved in remineralisation of dentitions and can assist protect against cavities. Besides Fe, vitamin B12 and foliate may assist in building in the immune system and assist them from unwritten infection and protect unwritten wellness. In the scenario, Dorris have age of 87years.She is populating entirely. Her hubby died some 6 months ago because of MI Core. Earlier when she was populating with her hubby the wellness was good. As shortly her hubby died, she was non at all making anything merely sitting on the chair. She was non at all taking attention of her nutritionary position. She lost 13 kilogram of weight in the past 6 month. Her hubby had a history of MI Core. So she must be advised sing the diet healthy for her bosom, as she is excessively holding a hazard of holding CVD. The diet must incorporate energy-dense, high in fat and salt and low in complex saccharides, fruits and veggies. Besides, she must be encouraged to take part in physical activity, reasonable imbibing wonts, turning away of smoke and care of healthy organic structure weight.

The Remains Of The Day By Kazuo Ishiguro And The Play...

Our most basic memory is the meaning of the word itself. When that word is flashed in front of us, our minds immediately conclude that a memory is a recollection of a past event. But, out of the millions of long and short-term memories in the archives of our brains, what makes us remember specific events and forget others? To what extent do memories serve as a guideline to the type of personality and characteristics an individual displays? In the novel The Remains of the Day by Kazuo Ishiguro and the play Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller, memories are used for the understanding of main characters. Ishiguro uses memories to narrate Stevens’ past working for royalty and his struggle to transition into the modern world. Miller uses†¦show more content†¦He will always try to live up to the high standards his father set for himself as he did that night. In Death of a Salesman Willy is abandoned by his father at a very young age as well as his brother Ben who leaves for Alaska where he makes a fortune. In addition, Willy and his son Biff are constantly in dispute over Willy’s opinion that Biff lacks a real job and has no purpose to his life. At Frank’s Chophouse, when Biff returns from an interview with a potential employer, Willy is expecting good news. As the two go back and forth arguing and not listening to each other, Willy begins to ramble and has a flashback from the past. Unaware of his surrounding and the conversation he is presently in, he says, â€Å"No, no! You had to go and flunk math! †¦ If you hadn’t flunked you’d’ve been set by now!† (Miller 65) Willy is remembering the fact that Biff was not able to graduate high school because he failed his math class. Willy, in distress, hurries into the bathroom and continues to babble while his two sons, Biff and Happy, leave the restaurant abandoning their father. This memory that Willy recalls shows that he feels responsible for his son s failur e and will never forget the reason Biff did not end up successful which ultimately led to the abandonment of father by son. When reflecting on the past a sense of regret arises when feelings of missed opportunities are thought of. In The Remains of the Day Stevens comes to the realization that he missed an opportunityShow MoreRelated Work and Happiness in Death of a Salesman and Remains of the Day2913 Words   |  12 PagesWork and Happiness in Death of a Salesman and Remains of the Day      Ã‚  Ã‚   What a person does to make a living often defines who that person is. Because so much time and energy is invested into work, work is often seen as an extension of oneself. One of the first questions that someone asks after meeting you for the first time is about what you do for a living. The belief is that by knowing what you do, one should be able to tell something about who you are. People almost never ask the more telling